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'''45110 ''' is an '''LMS Stanier 'Black Five' Class 5 4-6-0 ''' mixed traffic locomotive, the type being commonly known as the '''Black Five'''. It was one of the very last steam locomotives to be used by BR, ending its working life at Lostock Hall Shed, Preston, from where it worked the return portion of the ‘Fifteen 'Fifteen Guinea Special’Special', the last steam passenger service run by British Railways. ==LMS Stanier Class 5==LMS CME William Stanier had previously worked for the GWR. One of his first designs for the LMS was the Class 5 2-6-0 '[[42968|Stanier Mogul]]', of which forty were built between October 1933 and March 1934. Realising the need for larger locomotives, he went on to develop the Stanier Class 5 4-6-0. This shared a number of design features with the GWR's equivalent [[4930|Hall class]], including the cylinder arrangement (two outside), internal boiler design and size and 6-foot driving wheel diameter.  The Stanier Class 5 was an immediate success when introduced into service in 1934. It was a mixed traffic locomotive that could handle anything from express passenger traffic to goods trains. 842 were built between 1934 and 1951, more than any other class of locomotive before or since. Over half of those were built by contractors (100 by the Vulcan Foundry and 327 by Armstrong Whitworth), with the rest built at the LMS works at Crewe, Derby and Horwich. They were never painted any colour but black, originally earning them the nickname "Black Staniers".<ref group="note">A similar nickname "Red Staniers" was given to Stanier's other 4-6-0 Class locomotives, the Jubilees, which carried LMS crimson livery at that time.</ref> Following nationalisation they were classified 5MT by British Railways (with the nickname accordingly becoming "Black 5") and quickly became used throughout the country. The design of the British Railways Standard Class 5 was largely based on the Black 5. Locomotives of the class visited [[Bewdley]] on bank holiday excursions under BR.<ref>[[List of film and TV productions filmed on the Severn Valley Railway#Documentary|'Roundabout Revisited' (BBC 1961)]] showed 44966 and an unidentified classmate.</ref> Eighteen Black Fives have been preserved. Sister locomotive [[LMS Stanier Class 5 45000|LMS 5000]] was resident on the SVR between 1977 and 1991 while on loan from the NRM. [[LMS Stanier 5MT 44871|44871]] was [[Steam Locomotives hired by the SVR|hired by the SVR]] to operate the 2012 [[Christmas services|Santa Specials]] and New Year festive services. The latter and three other classmates have [[Steam Locomotives visiting the SVR for galas|visited the SVR for galas]].

The LMS 45110 was one of the third batch of Stanier Class 5 5s ordered by the LMS. It was an immediate success when introduced into built by the Vulcan Foundry as works number 4653 of 1934 and entered service at Holyhead in 1934June 1935 as LMS 5110. It was a mixed traffic locomotive that could handle anything from From there it worked express passenger traffic and freight trains to goods Chester, Crewe, Birmingham, London, Manchester and Liverpool, and local trainsto Bangor, Llandudno Junction, Rhyl and Chester. 842 were built<ref name=SVR18>SVR News 18, more than any other class of locomotive before or since"''STANIER CLASS 5 No. 45110''"</ref>  Following nationalisation, and they worked 5110 was [[Locomotive numbering|renumbered as 45110 by BR]] in 1949. Although Black 5s were regularly exchanged between depots all over the LMS (and post-nationalisation the wider BR network), 45110 remained allocated to Holyhead for almost 29 years, a remarkable record of service at one depot. Following nationalisation they were classified 5MT by British Railways Type 4 diesels eventually spread to the North Wales coast area in the 1960s, with a consequential run down of steam, and in March 1964 45110 was reallocated to Stafford depot where, as one of three Black 5s based there, it was regularly seen on freight workings to Bescot and quickly became used throughout the countryBlack Country, and also on passenger services to Birmingham and Shrewsbury. They were never painted any colour but black<ref name=SVR18/> After Stafford closed to steam, earning them 45110 was transferred to Bolton in July 1965 as part of the nickname ‘Black 5s’'last stand' of steam in the north west. There it became a favourite at the shed and was first choice for a Williams Deacon's Bank Club railtour on 17 March 1968, during which it variously double-headed with 70013 ''Oliver Cromwell'', 45447 and 4472 ''Flying Scotsman''. The locomotive, which had been kept exceptionally clean by a Bolton enthusiast,<ref group="note">The design source article did not name the enthusiast who cleaned 45110, but he was presumably a member of the British Railways Standard Class 5 [[Master Neverers Association]].</ref> was based again requested for the "North West Tour" railtour on 20 April 1968, jointly organised by the [[Manchester Rail Travel Society]] and the [[Severn Valley Railway Society]]. On this occasion 45110 as pilot and 44949 worked the Black 5first steam leg of the tour from Stockport to Stalybridge via Buxton.<ref name=SVR18/>

45110 was built by the Vulcan Foundry as works number 4653transferred to Lostock Hall during July 1968.<ref>[https://www.brdatabase.info/1934, and entered service in June 1935 as LMS locoqry.php?action=locodata&type=S&id=446003453&loco=5110. Following nationalisation 45110] on BRDatabase</ref> On 21 July it was renumbered as 45110 by BR involved in 1949another railtour, and it was one of the very last steam locomotives still in use by BR when it finished its Roch Valley Railway Society "Manchester - Southport Steam Excursions" (the railtour's objective being to travel between the two named towns via four different routes), working life at Lostock Hall Shed, Prestonthe final leg solo from Southport back to Manchester. The It worked its last ‘official’ 'ordinary' passenger train run by BR was on 29 July, deputising for a ‘farewell to steam’ special diesel on 11 August 1968, 8 days after regular steam services had ended. The special train ‘1T57’ became known as the ‘Fifteen Guinea Special’ after the price of tickets08. 45110 took the train from Liverpool to Manchester, from where 70013 Oliver Cromwell continued to Carlisle15 Preston-Windermere return working. Two other Black 5s (44781 and 44871) began the The return leg, while the honour of the final return to Liverpool fell to 45110, which thereby entered history trip was worked tender first as Windermere turntable had been removed the previous day! It then worked its last BR-owned standard gauge steam locomotive to haul a service freight on 1 August, the national network19:14 Colne-Preston parcels.<ref name=SVR18/>

The last 'official' steam-hauled passenger train run by BR was a 'farewell to steam' special on 11 August 1968, 8 days after regular steam services had ended. The special train '1T57' became known as the 'Fifteen Guinea Special' after the price of tickets. 45110 took the train from Liverpool to Manchester, from where 70013 Oliver Cromwell continued to Carlisle. Two other Black 5s (44781 and 44871) began the return leg, while the honour of the final return to Liverpool fell to 45110, which thereby entered history as the last BR-owned standard gauge steam locomotive to haul a service on the national network. <gallerymode=packed heights=200px style="text-align:left">

===First boiler ticket===45110 was initially saved for preservation by "[[List of preservation groups#Preservation groups formerly associated with the SVR|The Stanier Black 5 Locomotive Preservation Society]]", mainly through fund raising efforts of its President Mr David Porter, Principal of the “Flairavia Flying Club” at Biggin Hill Civil Airport. After a temporary move On 8 January 1969 the locomotive was hauled 'dead' from Lostock Hall to Clapham Sidings in January 1969, . Three days later 45110 found was moved again to a temporary home at the privately rented former BR Ashford shed. During an There it was worked on by members of the Flying Club and steamed on several open day theredays, 45110 during one of which it first carried temporary name plates bearing the name “R''R.A.F. Biggin Hill”Hill''. <ref name=SVR18/> <Gallerygallery mode=packed heights=200px style="text-align:left">

45110 arrived ===Second boiler ticket===The overhaul began in late 1986 but became a protracted and expensive affair. Milestones were reported as follows:*Winter 1986-87: the overhaul was under way with work mainly focussed on the tender. The boiler had also been lifted from the frames, and examination revealed that new pistons and valves would be required<ref>SVR News 82</ref>*Winter 1987-88: the boiler had been ''…all but completely dismembered, the copper box having been removed from the outer steel box''. The steel door plate was scrapped and a new one was to be manufactured by Pridhams.<ref>SVR News 86</ref>*Autumn 1990: the new steel doorplate had been delivered but progress on 20 August 1970 the boiler had stalled due to the theft of the inner copper door plate "''some years ago''". At the time, GM [[Michael Draper]] hoped for the overhaul to be complete in working order 1993 which would mark the 25th anniversary of the end of steam on BR.<ref>SVR News 97, 98</ref>.*Winter 1991-92: a new inner copper door plate had been delivered, and the decision had been taken to re-tyre the whole locomotive including the tender. Manufacture of a complete new tender body was almost complete.<ref>SVR News 101</ref>*Summer 1992: Work on the locomotive by the paid staff had recommenced and entered service would "proceed as fast as money permits".<ref>SVR News 103</ref>*1994: By spring the overhaul was "''on Sunday 20 September 1970the back burner again, due to financial restraints''". A naming ceremony The boiler was held still a kit of parts. Work had been carried out on 12 September 1971the frames including optical alignment. The wheels had been re-tyred with profiling and journal turning completed at Bridgnorth. 45110's completed tender was to be paired with [[42968]] while the Stanier Mogul's own Fowler tender was rebuilt with a new tank and tyres.<ref>SVR News 110, 112</ref>*Summer 1995: Work continued "''at a snail's pace because of the limited finances that are available for it''"; however all the suspension items had been overhauled and the frames painted in top coat.<ref>SVR News 115</ref>*Spring 1996: springing had been completed and other parts had refitted as time permitted, although completion was still some way off because of the state of the boiler.<ref>SVR News 118</ref>*Winter 1996-97: 10 years after the overhaul had started, the rods and motion parts had been fitted including the valves and pistons. Cab platework and lubrication pipework was in progress.<ref>SVR News 121</ref>*Spring 1997: The 'bottom half' was almost complete although some smaller items were required as "…''we suspect over the years that these have been robbed to keep other LMS locos in service''." Reassembly of the boiler was in progress in the boiler shop.<ref>SVR News 122</ref>*Autumn 1997: the locomotive was close to being a rolling chassis although further work was required on the rear drag box. New parts which had been made by the paid staff included a blast pipe base, blast pipe, blower ring, ejector ring and chimney.<ref>SVR News 124</ref>The locomotive was formally named “Reventually steamed successfully on 6 August 1998, with one month's running required before beginning work both on the SVR and the main line.A[[Alun Rees]] summarised the overhaul as "Without any doubt, it has had one of the largest and most comprehensive repairs of any standard gauge locomotive in preservation".F. Biggin Hill”The return to steam coincided with the 30th anniversary of the end of steam on BR.<ref>SVR News 127</ref>

The first period of service ended 10 years later in 1980 after recording 21,185 miles in use. Following overhaul, a second period of service began in 1998. This lasted until late 2008, including a 6-month boiler ticket extension which enabled the locomotive to celebrate the 40th anniversary of the end of BR main line steam. During this period 45110 made a number of main line appearances were made between September 1998 and May 2000 as follows:

|18 Dec 1999||Christmas Chester Chuffer || Birmingham Int-Rugeley-Chester -Wrexham-Birmingham Int || || UKS , [http://www.sixbellsjunction.co.uk/90s/991812pr.htm Six Bells Junction] ||

Following expiry of In early 2002 45110 visited EWS at Toton for tyre turning.<ref>SVR News 140</ref> Spring 2003 saw all the small boiler tubes replaced and other work including a valve and piston re-bore, a cross-head refurbishment and repair to motion bushes.<ref>SVR News 142, 143, 144</ref> A second 'ticket' tyre turning was carried out in summer 2006.<ref>SVR News 154</ref> The second period of service lasted until late 2008, 45110 moved on loan to Barrow Hill Roundhouse for including a period on static display there. In October 2013 6-month boiler ticket extension which enabled the locomotive returned to celebrate the SVR and was moved into [[The Engine House]], taking 40th anniversary of the place end of [[GWR 4930 Hagley Hall|4930 Hagley Hall]] which had moved to Bridgnorth for overhaulBR main line steam.

{{As Following expiry of|2017}} the locomotive remains second 'ticket', 45110 moved on loan to Barrow Hill Roundhouse for a period on static display there. In June 2010 45110's tender was returned from Barrow Hill for a second loan spell with Stanier Mogul 42968, whose Fowler tender had suffered major wheel flats.<ref>SVR News 176</ref> 45110 returned to the SVR in October 2013 and a few days later was moved into [[The Engine House]] while awaiting its next , taking the place of [[GWR 4930 Hagley Hall|4930 Hagley Hall]] which had moved to Bridgnorth for overhaul. On 4 August 2018 45110 was moved to Kidderminster to take part in the 'Last Days of Steam' event, marking the 50th anniversary of the 'end of steam' in the BR era. The locomotive then remained at Kidderminster where it is usually stored in [[Kidderminster Carriage Shed]]. It is now remains owned by [[Severn Valley Railway (Holdings) PLC|SVR(H)]].<gallery mode=packed heights=200px style="text-align:left">File:45110 20180804.jpg|45110 at Kidderminster, 4 August 2018File:45110 20180805.jpg|45110 at Kidderminster, 5 August 2018</gallery>

*[[Steam Locomotives]]<br>*[[The Severn Valley Railway on the main line]]<br>*[[SVR-based locomotives visiting other events]] ==Notes==<references group="note"/> ==References==<references/>

*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LMS_Stanier_Class_5_4-6-0 LMS Stanier Class 5 on Wikipedia]*[http://www.sixbellsjunction.co.uk/60s/680317wd.html William Deacon's Bank Club (no tour name), 17 March 1968] on Six Bells Junction*[http://www.sixbellsjunction.co.uk/60s/680420bn.html Manchester Rail Travel Society / Severn Valley Railway Society North West Tour, 20 April 1968] on Six Bells Junction*[http://www.sixbellsjunction.co.uk/60s/680721st.html Roch Valley Railway Society Manchester - Southport Steam Excursions, 21 July 1968] on Six Bells Junction*[http://www.sixbellsjunction.co.uk/60s/680811ce.html Fifteen Guinea Special] on Six Bells Junction