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LNER 43600 Open Third

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{{Infobox carriage|image = LNER_43600_20190723.jpg|caption = LNER Open Third 43600|construc = LNER York|status = In service|carno = 43600|othernos = 13354, E13354E, DE320960|designed = Gresley|diagram = 186|lot = 559|cartype = [[:Category: Carriage Type TO|TTO]]|length = 61ft 6in|weight = 31t 0cwt|seats = 64 third|built = 1934|years1 = 1980|events1 = Preserved on SVR|years2 = 1987|events2 = 'Temporary' restoration completed|years3 = 2014|events3 = Full overhaul|years4 = |events4 = |years5 = |events5 = |years6 = |events6 = }}[[File: LNER_43600_2015030743600_showing_LED_lights_RH.jpg |thumb|300px|right| LNER Open Third Upgraded interior of 43600]]'''LNER Gresley Open Third (TO) No 43600 ''' was built at York in 1934as part of Lot 559 to Diagram 186. The 1930s saw the LNER and other railways moving away from traditional compartment stock and introducing more open carriages. This Diagram was intended primarily for use in excursion traffic, although carriages of this type were often found in service trains. It was the first LNER vehicle built with a welded chassis, reducing the weight by around a ton. The 'Vestibule Third Open Corridor' in LNER parlance provided seating for 64 at tables with two toilets at one end of the carriage<ref> vintagecarriagestrustRailway Heritage Register Carriage Survey</ref><ref>[[Bibliography#Other References|Longworth (2018)]] p.263.org</ref>.
==Service==43600 arrived on was renumbered as 13354 as part of the SVR LNER's 1943 re-numbering scheme. On Nationalisation in 1980. Restoration into 1935 livery but with a very basic interior1947, BR initially allocated an E prefix to indicate its LNER origin (during its 1986-87 restoration, sanding revealed this was completed not in the midofficially recognised gill sans style or the commonly used miniature hand-1980sprinted 'E', after which it was used for a number of years. After an overhaulbut in full pre-war style, which included presumably cut out from a comprehensive upgrade to the interior, 43600 re-entered service in November 2014. During this overhaul, redundant LNER pattern luggage rackstransfer sheet), coathooks, wall lamps, tables and mirrors were added, whilst the angular Mk1 seat ends were replaced <ref name=SVR87>SVR News 87</ref> with new ones to a much more sympathetic design. During January/February 2016 further work is scheduled re-numbering to be carried out on E13354E taking place after the roofintroduction of Mk 1 stock in 1951.<ref>[[Bibliography#Other References|Longworth (2018)]] p.175.</ref>
43600 During 1961 it was one withdrawn from passenger service and transferred into Departmental Stock as Departmental number DE320960 to form part of three coaches which in 2010 were gifted by the LNER (SVR) Coach Fund to the SVR Rolling Stock Trust (now the an Eastern Region [[Severn Valley Railway Charitable Trust Ltd:Category:Rolling stock previously part of emergency control trains|Emergency Control Train]]). For this role the interior was stripped of seats, steam heating and 24V lighting. Desks, phones, 240V mains lighting and heating, lockers and chemical toilets were added. The Eastern Region control train sets each consisted of 4 vehicles, along with in this instance comprising<ref>[[LNER 24068 Composite Corridor Brake Bibliography#Other References| 24068Longworth (2018)]] and p.473.</ref>:*DE320957: E13317E, formerly [[LNER 70759 Gangwayed Full Brake/Pigeon Van | 7075924105 Open Third]], also preserved at the SVR.*DE320958: E12523E, formerly LNER 4988 Vestibule Corridor Third, not preserved.*DE320959: E12322E, formerly LNER 23890 Vestibule Corridor Third, now preserved at Ecclesbourne Valley Railway<ref>[http://www.cs.rhrp.org.uk/se/CarriageInfo.asp?Ref=995 RHR On-line]</ref>*DE320960: E13354E, formerly LNER 43600 Open Third
==SourcesPreservation==BR withdrew the emergency control sets in early 1980, with 16 Eastern Region vehicles being offered for sale by tender in January 1980. They were mostly in good condition, having been kept under cover since 1964. The LNER(SVR) Coach Fund successfully bid for E13354E (43600) while John Giles, who had helped with inspecting the vehicles, successfully bid for E13317E (24105).<ref name=SVR56>SVR News 56,57</ref>  The carriage in its emergency control train black livery arrived on the SVR on 3 April 1980 behind a train load of concrete sleepers. It was immediately moved to Highley where it spent the first month behind the signal box. While there the roof was painted, the surplus toilets removed, and their windows opened out to original size. It was initially intended to be repainted in BR Maroon livery and put into service with loose seating pending a full restoration at a later date, but after arriving at Bridgnorth it was instead repainted into a brown colour resembling teak. Internally, two coats of cream, peach, and beech paint were applied, with the results being described as by the Coach Fund as 'horrid'. After being given a set of plastic chairs borrowed from the Catering Department it entered service as a Bar Car for the September [[Autumn Steam Gala|Enthusiasts Weekend]], after which it was intended mainly for use as a bar car or in schools trains.<ref name=SVR56/>  During the early 1980s the Coach Fund were still working towards their goal of forming a fully restored (6-coach) LNER teak set. In 1981 both [[LNER 643 Buffet]] and 43600 saw service in the GWR set.<ref>SVR News 64</ref> Some additional work was carried out on 43600 over the winter of 1982-3 with ex-BR Mk1 seating for 64 being fitted and the coach being through-wired, although the decor both inside and out "still left a lot to be desired"<ref>SVR News 68</ref> . ===Restoration===Full restoration of "the disgusting brown one with the mouldy interior" by the team led by Richard Gunning finally began in late 1985 at Bewdley, the first task being to remove large quantities of rotten timber.<ref>SVR News 78,79</ref> During 1986 a number of loans used for the initial purchase of 13354 were repaid, helped by fund raising efforts by the Fund's sales kiosk on Bewdley's platform 1. By winter 1986 one side and both ends of 43600 were substantially complete and the interior was approaching the decorating stage.<ref>SVR News 82</ref> During 1987 work accelerated as the restoration team attracted a number of new members, and by autumn [[LMS 149 Buffet Car]] had vacated the paint shop allowing 43600 to enter. The formerly inaccessible second side was then stripped of all the old paint and the remaining defective panels, including one large lower panel which turned out to be plywood, were replaced with newly acquired teak. One upper panel surprisingly proved to be mahogany which was donated to the [[GWR 3930 Full Third | GWR 3930]]. The interior was repainted and the seats re-upholstered using some moquette acquired from Swindon.<ref>SVR News 85</ref> 43600 was completed just in time for the 1987 [[Autumn Steam Gala|Enthusiasts Weekend]], where it took part in an LNER 3 coach 'local' set with 24068 and 52255. [[43106]] (Doncaster built, ex-South Lynn and Woodford Halse) provided the motive power in a good approximation of a Midland and Great Northern working circa.1949-51.<ref name=SVR87/> During 1998 the LNER set underwent a repaint in the [[Carriage Repair Works|Kidderminster carriage works]]. 43600 was still in reasonable condition and required only "a good scrub and re-varnish".<ref>SVR News 129</ref> However more work was needed during a return visit to the carriage works in late 2002. A number of patches were required to the roof canvas due to being struck by bricks, and one end gangway canvas also had to be renewed due to age-related deterioration. Internally some linoleum was replaced in one vestibule and leaking toilet cisterns were attended to. A very heavy clean was needed on the varnish with four fresh coats being applied. A partial re-lining was also done on one side but further work was curtailed by the need for a return to traffic in time for the Christmas services.<ref>SVR News 142</ref> In 2005 steam heat repairs and a bogie and brake overhaul were carried out over a two-month period. 43600 was also turned on the turntable to eke out the remaining tyre life on the wheelsets (travelling north on the Railway Heritage Register , carriages suffer greater flange wear on the left hand (west) side due to the curvature of the track).<ref>SVR News 152</ref> 43600's 1980s restoration had included very basic "temporary" interior. In 2008 the Coach Fund reported that it planned to improve the interior of 43600 by upgrading it with luggage racks, mirrors, coat hooks and revised seating to complete its restoration to a more authentic LNER finish in keeping with the remainder of the set. In spring 2009 they launched a sponsorship scheme to raise funds for this work.<ref>SVR News 163, 165</ref> Around that time 43600 had a wheelset change due to the life expired flanges, the new tyres costing £19,000. While attending to plumbing leaks in the lavatory, a cracked lavatory pan was found, of which no more of that type were left. A pattern was therefore made by a mould-maker at a cost of £7,500, from which 40-50 pans could be cast and some offered for sale to other railways. The pattern-making costs were met by the [[Guarantee Company]].<ref>SVR News 167</ref> In 2010 the Coach Fund decided to offer three of its five carriages including 43600 to the [[Charitable Trust]] <ref group="note">At that time the SVR Rolling Stock Trust Company Limited, which became the Severn Valley Railway Charitable Trust Ltd in 2012</ref>, with the transfer being completed on 20 December 2010. The Coach Fund remained in being with two functions; to act as the 'LNER trading arm' through the Bewdley shop and other fund-raising, and as owner of GNR 2701 and LNER 24105. For restoration work, the Coach Fund volunteer team would function as the Charitable Trust's LNER Carriage SurveyGroup.<ref name=SVR177>SVR News 177</ref> By 2012 some £3,700 had been raised through the sponsorship appeal, although appeals for funding from the HLF and PRISM Fund had proved unsuccessful.<ref name=SVR177/> 43600 continued in service although leaks from a series of splits in the roof canvas led to its being 'red-carded' while around 180 feet of canvas bandage was glued, tacked and painted over the cracks and the whole roof over-painted. The internal condition had become so bad that in 2013 the carriage was only used at very busy times. <ref>SVR News 182, 184</ref> ===Overhaul and Upgrade===In 2014 43600 finally received a full overhaul and comprehensive upgrade in LNER period style to the interior, some 27 years after its 'temporary restoration'. January to April was spent in the number 2 dock platform at Kidderminster where the old Mk1 seat ends were removed and replaced with new ones to a much more sympathetic design. Fawn vinyl, similar to the original Rexine was used to cover the walls, and the seats were upholstered with reproduction 1930's LNER fawn and brown moquette, the new ends being finished with brown leathercloth. On 1 May 43600 entered the paint shop where the entire seating ensemble was removed and put into store. This enabled the walls and floors to be accessed unhindered for repairs and renewals, including major repairs to bolt corrosion damage in the teak frame sections adjoining the underframe. The overhaul was aided by two bits of good fortune. A Gloucestershire furniture-maker offered, at a favourable price, a large quantity of teak that had lain in his stores for many years and also undertook to machine a quantity of it into LNER-style beading in time to rebuild 43600, while much of the timber and frame renovation was helped by two French engineering interns who stayed for 3 months, by which time they had assisted with lining out the 1,800 feet of Primrose and Vermillion striped beading before returning to France in August. Other internal details included LNER pattern chromed luggage racks, coat hooks, LED wall lamps (43600 was the first SVR carriage to make use of LED lighting), tables and mirrors. Work in the paint shop was completed at the end of October, with 43600 returning to service on 15 November.<ref>SVR News 188, 189</ref> The upgrade was paid for by its new owners, the SVR Charitable Trust thanks to many generous sponsors who contributed £13.8k including Gift Aid.<gallery mode=packed heights=200px style="text-align:left">LNER_43600_20150307.jpg|43600 in 2015</gallery> During January to May 2016 further work was carried out on the roof as a joint volunteer/full time staff project and included stripping off the old roof covering (dating from c1987,) securely re-fastening the T&G roof boards to the transverse steel hoops with countersunk set screws and applying a new canvas, rainstrips and tacking rails. The opportunity was taken to apply a further 2 coats of varnish to the exterior, thus prolonging its life before the next major overhaul. This work was completed and it returned to traffic on 18th May 2016.<brref>Partly SVR News 194</refEarly in 2016, a principal supplier of 24 Volt LED lamp bulbs introduced a 40 Watt equivalent "golf ball" style bulb, the installation of which would improve lighting levels and reduce power consumption. A public appeal raised sufficient money to replace all of the lamp bulbs in the LNER carriages of set N. The electrician reports that since the replacement, Set N has required very little top up charging from battery chargers as the dynamos are now able to supply sufficient current to charge the batteries (as they should). During the first shut down in 2020 resulting from the [[2020 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic]], the Charitable trust were able to help fund the re-varnishing of a number of their teak carriages including 43600<ref>SVRNews 2010</ref>. ==See also==[[Carriages#LNER (and constituents) Coach FundDesigned Coaches| List of carriages]] ==Notes==<references group="note"/> ==References==
<references />
 
==Links==
*[http://www.cs.vintagecarriagestrustrhrp.org.uk/se/CarriageInfo.asp?Ref=1015 43600 on vintagecarriagestrust.orgRailway Heritage Register On-Line]<br>*[http://www.lnersvrcoachfund.org.uk//teak_set.html#43600 43600 on lnersvrcoachfund.org.uk]<br>*[httphttps://www.svrtrust.org.uk/our-vehicles/lner/index.php?page=43600-2.html 43600 on svrtrust.org.uk]{{CarriageNavbox}} 
==See also==
[[Carriages#LNER (and constituents) Designed Coaches| List of carriages]]<br>
: [[LNER 24105 Open Third | Previous ]]<br>
: [[LNER 43612 Open Third | Next ]]
[[Category: Rolling stock owned by The SVR Charitable Trust]]
[[Category: Carriage Type TO]]
[[Category:Rolling stock previously part of emergency control trains]]
[[Category:Featured articles]]
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