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==Cartazzi axleboxes==
F. I. Cartazzi was a senior engineer of the Great Northern Railway. His modified axlebox design was intended for trailing carrying wheels on larger locomotives and was used extensively on LNER ‘Pacific’ steam locomotives.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cartazzi_axle Wikipedia]</ref> On 686 his system is used on the leading axle. The top of the axlebox and underside of the axlebox lid have a series of inclined faces. On sharp curves the axlebox is forced sideways, bringing different faces into contact with the lid. On leaving the curve, the weight of the locomotive transmitted through the bearing spring and axlebox lid provides a self-centering force. The leading connecting rods on 686 include an additional horizontal pivot in front of the centre driving wheel to cater for the lateral movement of the front wheel, a feature not necessary on similar locomotives with normal axleboxes such as [[LMS Jinty 47383]].
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